Read plain-English breakdowns of human studies, preclinical research, reviews and regulatory material. Then go deeper with direct links to the full original papers, journal pages and official sources.
Every summary explains what was studied, how the research was conducted, what it found and what the result does and does not prove.
Evidence index
Joint Diseases and Related Surgery / PubMed
TL;DR
Promising in rats, especially for TB-500: both peptides improved signs of Achilles tendon healing, but the popular BPC-157 + TB-500 combination did not outperform the individual treatments.
Preclinical · randomized rat Achilles-tendon repair study · 32 rats
PubMed
TL;DR
A tiny two-person pilot found that IV BPC-157 at 10 mg and 20 mg was tolerated without measured short-term laboratory abnormalities, but it cannot establish general human safety or efficacy.
Human safety pilot · 2 participants
Neurology / PMC
TL;DR
In the 218-person MMPOWER-3 phase 3 trial, elamipretide was well tolerated but did not improve walking distance or fatigue versus placebo in primary mitochondrial myopathy.
Phase 3 · randomized · double-blind · placebo-controlled · 218 participants
New England Journal of Medicine
TL;DR
Retatrutide produced large dose-dependent weight loss in a 338-person phase 2 obesity trial, reaching a mean 24.2% reduction at 48 weeks in the 12 mg group.
Phase 2 · randomized · double-blind · placebo-controlled · 338 adults
PubMed
TL;DR
In a randomized 30-person exercise experiment, endurance exercise increased circulating mitochondrial-derived peptides, while resistance exercise did not show the same response.
Randomized human exercise study · 30 participants
New England Journal of Medicine / PubMed
TL;DR
In STEP 1, 1,961 adults receiving weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg plus lifestyle intervention lost an average 14.9% of body weight over 68 weeks versus 2.4% with placebo.
Phase 3 · randomized · double-blind · placebo-controlled · 1,961 adults
Obstetrics & Gynecology / PubMed
TL;DR
Across two phase 3 trials involving 1,267 women, as-needed bremelanotide improved sexual desire and reduced distress related to low desire compared with placebo.
Two phase 3 · randomized · double-blind · placebo-controlled trials
PubMed
TL;DR
In 404 people with HIV-associated abdominal fat accumulation, daily tesamorelin significantly reduced visceral fat over six months, and continued treatment maintained further reductions.
Randomized · double-blind · placebo-controlled · 404 participants
PubMed
TL;DR
In a 62-patient randomized comparison, Selank produced anxiety improvements similar to medazepam and was also associated with antiasthenic effects.
Randomized comparative study · 62 patients
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism / PubMed
TL;DR
CJC-1295 produced prolonged, dose-dependent increases in GH and IGF-1 in healthy adults, with effects lasting days after injection.
Two randomized · double-blind · placebo-controlled dose-escalation trials
PubMed
TL;DR
Ipamorelin produced a clear dose-related pulse of growth hormone in healthy men and had an estimated terminal half-life of about two hours.
Human dose-escalation PK/PD study · 5 dose levels
PubMed
TL;DR
In an older controlled stroke study, adding intranasal Semax to intensive treatment was associated with faster recovery of neurological function than conventional therapy alone.
Controlled clinical study · 110 patients
PubMed
TL;DR
In a three-man phase 1 pilot, subcutaneous Melanotan II increased pigmentation and produced clear systemic effects including nausea, fatigue, yawning and spontaneous erections.
Phase 1 · single-blind · placebo-controlled · 3 healthy men
One evidence layer
This Research library is built from the same evidence used in the public peptide profiles. If one study supports several profiles, it appears once here and shows every profile that cites it.
We only publish a Research card after we have summarized what was tested, how the study was run, what it found and what the result does or does not prove. The original source stays at the end for readers who want the full paper or regulatory document.